Drug reference

Apraclonidine

Alpha-2 Agonist · Antiglaucoma Agent

Also known as Iopidine, Apraclonidine hydrochloride

Alpha-2 AgonistAntiglaucoma AgentATC S01EA03

CDSCO approvedATC S01EA03

EXCRETION

—

not curated

INTERACTIONS

10 major

SEVERE in our sources

PREGNANCY

Manufacturer advises avoid—no information available.

FDA category + note

Top interactionssee all 10 →

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Mechanism

Apraclonidine is a relatively selective alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonist. It lowers intraocular pressure by reducing aqueous humour formation and increasing uveoscleral outflow. It is a clonidine derivative.

Indications

Adjunctive therapy in glaucoma patients whose intraocular pressure is not well controlled by other pharmacological agentsControl or prevent elevations in intraocular pressure that occur in patients after laser trabeculoplasty or iridotomyreduce intraocular pressure (short-term adjunctive therapy in glaucoma)control or prevent elevations in intraocular pressure after laser trabeculoplasty or iridotomyglaucomaocular hypertensionHorner syndrome (diagnosis)Short-term control of spikes of i.o.t. after laser trabeculoplasty or iridotomy

Dosing

Adult: 1 drop in each eye BD (1% eye drops)
Renal adjustment: Use with caution in chronic renal failure.
Hepatic adjustment: Manufacturer advises use with caution and monitor, including close monitoring of cardiovascular parameters—no information available.

Side effects

Common

Eye disordersBradycardiaconjunctival haemorrhagediarrhoeadry eyeeye discomforteye inflammationgastrointestinal discomfortirritabilitylibido decreasednasal drynesspalpitationspostural hypotensionsensation abnormalsleep disorderssyncopevision disordersvomitingallergy (conjunctival hyperemia)dry mouthsleepinessItchingLid dermatitisFollicular conjunctivitisMydriasisEyelid retractionDryness of mouthDryness of nose

Serious

Chest pain
dry mouth
fatigue
headache
hyperhidrosis
pain in extremity
pruritus
taste altered
temperature sensation altered
ocular intolerance (eye pruritus, ocular hyperaemia, increased lacrimation, or oedema of the eyelids and conjunctiva)
CNS depression
apnea (in neonates)