The clinical toolkit / Guidelines
European-perspective diagnosis, reperfusion, and post-ACS management combining STEMI and NSTE-ACS into a single framework.
Diagnostic and reperfusion management of STEMI and NSTE-ACS, anchored on early revascularisation and dual antiplatelet therapy.
Diagnostic and treatment considerations for ACS in patients with CKD, where atypical presentations and renal-modified drug dosing are common
Diagnosis, stroke prevention, and rate/rhythm control of atrial fibrillation in adults, with primary-care-focused decision support.
Diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation, anchored on the AF-CARE framework: comorbidities, anticoagulation, reduce symptoms, evaluat
Position on the contemporary role of beta-blockers in hypertension — first-line in compelling indications, fourth-line in uncomplicated hype
Cardiovascular surveillance and management for cancer patients before, during, and after cardiotoxic therapy.
Diagnosis and management of hypertrophic, dilated, restrictive, arrhythmogenic, and non-classified cardiomyopathies, including genetic and p
Risk-stratified primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease across lipid, blood pressure, glycaemic, and lifestyle interven
Diagnosis and long-term management of stable coronary disease, including ANOCA/INOCA and ischaemic heart disease without recent ACS.
Diagnosis and management of heart failure across HFrEF, HFmrEF, and HFpEF with quadruple-pillar foundation therapy.
Diagnosis and management of chronic heart failure across reduced (HFrEF), mildly reduced (HFmrEF), and preserved (HFpEF) ejection fraction p
Diagnosis and management of acute and chronic heart failure across HFrEF, HFmrEF, and HFpEF, with foundational quadruple therapy and SGLT2 i
Pre- and peri-procedural strategies to prevent contrast-associated AKI in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing coronary angiograp
ICMR-aligned management of dyslipidaemia for primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention with statin-first stepped therapy.
Risk-stratified management of dyslipidaemia for primary and secondary prevention, emphasising early combination therapy and Lp(a) screening.
Evaluation and management of elevated cholesterol, hypertriglyceridaemia, and elevated lipoprotein(a) for primary and secondary cardiovascul
Management of acute GI bleeding and peri-endoscopic care for patients on antiplatelets or anticoagulants — when to hold, when to reverse, wh
Joint cardiology–diabetology management of patients with concurrent heart failure and type 2 diabetes, prioritising SGLT2 inhibitors as foun
Diagnosis, evaluation, and pharmacological management of essential hypertension per Indian national guidance, with primary-care emphasis.
Diagnosis and management of hypertension in adults via stepped pharmacotherapy with primary-care emphasis.
Family-medicine-focused blood pressure targets in adults with hypertension, weighing absolute risk reduction against treatment burden and ad
Resource-stratified hypertension management designed for global use, distinguishing essential (minimum) and optimal care recommendations.
Diagnosis and management of elevated blood pressure and hypertension in adults, including a new 'elevated BP' category for SBP 120–139 or DB
Pharmacological treatment of hypertension per the WHO HEARTS technical package — protocol-based management for primary care in low- and midd
Diagnosis, evaluation, and pharmacological management of essential hypertension in adults aged 18 and older.
Primary-care management of hypertension per India's national Standard Treatment Guidelines, with opportunistic screening and stepwise pharma
HCM-focused diagnosis, sudden death risk stratification, and pharmacological + interventional management with cardiac myosin inhibitors and
Stepwise risk assessment and selective testing before non-cardiac surgery, with judicious use of stress testing and CCTA.
Procedural and peri-procedural management of primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ACS — access, technique, antithrombotic, complic
Risk-stratified prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease through lifestyle, lipid, BP, and glycaemic management in adults withou
Recognition, reperfusion, and post-reperfusion management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in adults.
Diagnosis, surveillance, and intervention for adults with valvular heart disease — aortic stenosis/regurgitation, mitral regurgitation/steno
Risk-based antibiotic prophylaxis and oral health for adults at high risk of infective endocarditis undergoing dental and other procedures (
Risk-based antibiotic prophylaxis and oral health for adults at high risk of infective endocarditis undergoing dental and other procedures.
Antibiotic stewardship and definitive dental management for adults with pulpal- and periapical-related dental pain and localised intraoral s
Risk-balanced peri-procedural anticoagulant management for adults undergoing dental and oral surgery procedures.
Risk-based dental antibiotic prophylaxis and oral hygiene-focused prevention of infective endocarditis from the dental practice perspective.
Severity-graded topical, oral, and isotretinoin-based management of acne vulgaris in adolescents and adults; pigmentation considerations.
Diagnosis, multidrug therapy, reaction management, and contact prophylaxis for paucibacillary and multibacillary leprosy.
Stepwise topical, phototherapy, conventional systemic, and biologic management of plaque psoriasis in adults.
First aid, recognition of systemic envenomation, anti-snake venom administration, and supportive care for snakebite in adults and children.
Pre-Ramadan risk stratification and intra-Ramadan adjustments to glucose-lowering therapy for adults with diabetes who choose to fast.
Prevention, infection management, and offloading of diabetic foot disease per IWGDF/IDSA 2023; risk-stratified surveillance, multidisciplina
Diabetes-specific dyslipidaemia management — small dense LDL pattern, atherogenic lipid triad; high-intensity statin plus combination therap
Peri-operative and acute-illness fluid and electrolyte management in adults with diabetes — DKA/HHS resuscitation, sick-day rules, dysnatrae
Self-monitoring strategies for diabetes — fingerstick blood glucose, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), and HbA1c surveillance with struct
Blood pressure targets and pharmacotherapy in adults with diabetes and hypertension; ACE-i/ARB-anchored therapy with attention to renal and
API-ICP consensus on hypertension management in T2DM — ACE-i/ARB anchored therapy with target BP <130/80 in most patients.
Diagnosis and treatment of overt and subclinical hypothyroidism with weight-based levothyroxine titrated to normal TSH; combination therapy
Indian Thyroid Society perspective on diagnosis and treatment of hypothyroidism — TSH-driven levothyroxine titration with attention to iodin
Glycaemic targets and insulin protocols for hospitalised adults with diabetes or stress hyperglycaemia, separated for critical and non-criti
Diagnosis and stepped pharmacotherapy of T2DM per NICE NG28 — metformin first-line, SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 RAs for cardio-renal protecti
Diagnosis and stepped pharmacotherapy of T2DM per ICMR Standard Treatment Workflow — primary-care-focused stepped therapy with metformin fir
RSSDI clinical practice recommendations for T2DM — stepped therapy with attention to NLEM-available drugs, primary-care feasibility, and car
ADA/EASD consensus on holistic, person-centred glycaemic and cardiometabolic management of T2DM with cardio-renal protection emphasised over
Recommended vaccinations for adults with diabetes — pneumococcal, influenza, hepatitis B, COVID-19, RSV, herpes zoster, tetanus, HPV, and tr
Initial primary-care evaluation of new jaundice in adults — distinguishing pre-hepatic, hepatic, and obstructive aetiologies with stepped in
Recognition and management of acute liver failure — coagulopathy + encephalopathy in patients without prior liver disease; transplant evalua
Diagnosis and management of coeliac disease — serology + duodenal biopsy diagnostic pathway with strict lifelong gluten-free diet.
Diagnosis, risk stratification, surveillance, and endoscopic management of atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric dysplasia.
Diagnosis and stepped management of GERD in adults — lifestyle plus PPI for typical symptoms; endoscopic evaluation for alarm features.
ICMR-aligned diagnosis and eradication of H. pylori infection in adults — bismuth quadruple therapy first-line given high local clarithromyc
Diagnosis and eradication of H. pylori — non-bismuth quadruple or bismuth quadruple regimens reflecting rising clarithromycin resistance.
Indian-perspective management of chronic hepatitis B — risk-stratified treatment with tenofovir or entecavir, surveillance for HCC, and prev
Diagnosis, phase classification, treatment indication, and antiviral choice for adults with chronic hepatitis B; HCC surveillance and pregna
Diagnosis and DAA-based eradication of chronic HCV; pan-genotypic combinations achieve >95% sustained virologic response.
Diagnosis and treatment of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease per current ECCO/ACG guidance — biologics and small molecules in moderate-
Diagnosis by Rome IV criteria with limited investigation in young patients without alarm features; subtype-directed management of IBS-D, IBS
Diagnosis and stratified management of MASLD (formerly NAFLD/NASH) with FIB-4 risk-stratification and resmetirom for advanced fibrosis.
Vaccination, cancer screening, bone health, mental health, and infection-risk reduction for adults with IBD on immune-modifying therapy.
Diagnosis, disease-modifying therapy, complication-specific management, and transfusion support for adults and children with sickle cell dis
VTE risk-based pharmacological and mechanical prophylaxis for hospitalised medical, surgical, and obstetric patients, and high-risk outpatie
Diagnosis, transfusion, iron chelation, and curative pathway for beta thalassaemia major and intermedia in adults and children.
Diagnosis, oral and intravenous iron repletion, and aetiology workup for iron deficiency anaemia in non-pregnant adults.
Diagnosis, complications surveillance, and aetiology-driven management of compensated and decompensated liver cirrhosis in adults.
Diagnosis, simplified treatment criteria, and primary care–led management of chronic hepatitis B; HBV elimination targets in high-prevalence
Diagnosis and stratified management of MASLD/NAFLD with emphasis on lean phenotype and metabolic risk in adults.
Risk-stratified management of dengue across uncomplicated, warning-sign, and severe dengue per WHO/NVBDCP classification, with judicious cry
Identification and treatment of latent TB infection (LTBI) in high-risk groups; shorter rifamycin-based regimens preferred over 6-month ison
Species-specific treatment of uncomplicated and severe malaria; ACT for falciparum, chloroquine + primaquine for vivax (G6PD-screened).
Antenatal HIV screening, lifelong maternal ART, infant prophylaxis, and safe-feeding choices to eliminate vertical transmission of HIV.
Diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of drug-sensitive pulmonary TB under the National TB Elimination Programme; daily fixed-dose combination
National strategy and prescriber-level practices to limit antimicrobial resistance through stewardship, surveillance, and infection preventi
First-line antiretroviral therapy initiation, monitoring, and switch criteria per NACO national programme, with dolutegravir-based regimens
Diagnosis and management of CDI in adults — fidaxomicin or vancomycin first-line; bezlotoxumab and FMT for recurrence.
ICMR-aligned empirical antimicrobial selection for common adult and paediatric clinical syndromes, with stewardship-based de-escalation.
Diagnosis and treatment of extrapulmonary TB (lymph node, pleural, abdominal, CNS, bone, miliary); longer durations for CNS, bone, and disse
Diagnosis and treatment of invasive aspergillosis (pulmonary, sinus, CNS, disseminated) and chronic forms; isavuconazole and voriconazole as
Diagnosis and treatment of invasive candidiasis (candidaemia, deep-seated tissue, oesophageal, oropharyngeal, vulvovaginal); echinocandins a
Diagnostic stratification and antimicrobial management of purulent and non-purulent SSTIs by severity, including consideration for necrotisi
Risk-based assessment, empirical antibiotic choice, and management of early-onset and late-onset neonatal sepsis and meningitis.
Detection, risk-stratified phototherapy, and exchange transfusion thresholds for hyperbilirubinaemia in term and late-preterm neonates.
Diagnosis, staging, and management of AKI per KDIGO criteria with bundle-based care for prevention, source control, and renal replacement de
Diagnosis, classification, prognosis, and progression-modifying therapy in adults with chronic kidney disease, including SGLT2 inhibitors an
Diagnosis, classification by eGFR and albuminuria, prognosis, and progression-modifying therapy in adults with CKD; SGLT2 + RAS + finerenone
Diagnosis and management of disordered calcium, phosphate, PTH, vitamin D, and bone in CKD G3a–G5D, including dialysis vintage.
Glycaemic and cardio-renal protective therapy for adults with type 2 diabetes and CKD; SGLT2 inhibitor + GLP-1 RA + finerenone framework.
Modality choice, vascular access, prescription, and complications management for adults with kidney failure on haemodialysis or peritoneal d
Diagnosis and immunosuppressive management of primary and secondary glomerular diseases (IgA nephropathy, FSGS, MN, MCD, lupus nephritis, AN
Blood-pressure target, measurement, lifestyle, and pharmacotherapy for adults with non-dialysis CKD G1–G5; standardised office BP and ACEi/A
Hyperacute imaging, thrombolysis, endovascular thrombectomy, and supportive care for adults presenting with acute ischaemic stroke within 24
Hyperacute imaging, thrombolysis, endovascular thrombectomy, and supportive care for adults with acute ischaemic stroke; delivered in resour
Diagnosis, pharmacological and non-pharmacological management of major neurocognitive disorders in adults including caregiver support.
Diagnosis, communication, and management of functional seizures, with emphasis on psychological treatment and rationalising antiseizure medi
Diagnosis, syndromic classification, and choice of first antiseizure medication for adults and children with newly diagnosed epilepsy.
Choice of first antiseizure medication for newly diagnosed focal, generalised, and absence epilepsy in adults and children.
Indication for and selection of preventive medication in episodic and chronic migraine, including oral first-line agents and CGRP-targeted t
Stepwise pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic management of painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy in adults with diabetes.
Diagnosis and acute management of migraine, tension-type headache, cluster headache, and medication-overuse headache in adults and adolescen
Stepwise management of generalised convulsive status epilepticus from first-line benzodiazepine through anaesthetic-induced burst suppressio
Aetiology-driven secondary prevention after ischaemic stroke or TIA, including antiplatelet, anticoagulation, lipid, BP, and structural inte
Diagnosis using PALM-COEIN classification and stepwise management of heavy menstrual bleeding in non-pregnant reproductive-age women.
Schedule of antenatal visits, screening, supplementation, and risk-stratification across the three trimesters of pregnancy.
Indications, blood-product choice, and patient blood management for obstetric and gynaecological haemorrhage and anaemia.
Identification, surveillance, and timing of delivery for early- and late-onset fetal growth restriction in singleton pregnancies.
Screening, glycaemic targets, lifestyle and pharmacological therapy for hyperglycaemia first detected in pregnancy and postpartum follow-up.
Diagnosis and management of gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, and chronic hypertension in pregnancy and postpartum.
Diagnosis and management of gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, and chronic hypertension in pregnancy and postpartum.
Indications, route selection, and peri-operative care for benign and oncologic hysterectomy in adult women.
Indications, methods, and monitoring for elective and indicated induction of labour at term and post-dates in singleton pregnancies.
Universal supplementation, screening, and treatment of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy under the ICMR/MoHFW Anaemia Mukt Bharat framewo
Screening, oral and intravenous iron repletion, and transfusion thresholds for iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy and the puerperium.
Antenatal surveillance, preterm birth prevention, and timing of delivery for twin and higher-order multiple pregnancies stratified by chorio
Recognition, resuscitation, and stepwise pharmacological and surgical management of primary postpartum haemorrhage and the role of rFVIIa.
Risk assessment, vaccination, supplementation, and chronic disease optimisation for women and couples planning pregnancy.
Risk-stratified screening, triple-assessment diagnosis, and stage- and subtype-driven treatment of breast cancer in adult women.
Risk-stratified screening, triple-assessment diagnosis, and stage- and subtype-driven treatment of breast cancer per ESMO 2024 guidance.
Primary HPV-based screening, VIA in low-resource settings, HPV vaccination, and treatment pathway for cervical cancer in adult women.
Diagnosis, biomarker-driven treatment of NSCLC and SCLC, immunotherapy, and palliative care for adults with lung cancer.
Screening, cessation, and chemoprevention pathways for adults at risk of oral, lung, and oesophageal cancer from tobacco and areca-nut use.
Screening, staging, and treatment pathway for diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular oedema in adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
Screening, staging, anti-VEGF, laser, and surgical pathway for diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular oedema in adults with diabetes.
Diagnosis and stepwise medical, laser, and surgical IOP-lowering for primary open-angle and primary angle-closure glaucoma in adults.
Diagnosis, lifestyle, pharmacological and surgical management of knee osteoarthritis in adults.
Risk-stratified assessment, exercise, and multimodal management of low back pain and sciatica in adults ≥16 years.
Diagnosis and supportive care for acute viral bronchiolitis in infants <2 years; nirsevimab and palivizumab prophylaxis pathways.
Universal Immunisation Programme (UIP) and IAP-ACVIP childhood vaccination schedule in adults and children, including catch-up and special s
Triage and management of acute respiratory infection in children <5 years using IMNCI thresholds; antibiotic stewardship for viral vs bacter
Stepwise pharmacological and non-pharmacological management of neuropathic pain in adults including diabetic, post-herpetic, and post-surgic
Recognising the dying phase, anticipatory prescribing, symptom control, and family support for adults in the last days of life.
Triage of dehydration, low-osmolarity ORS, zinc, and selective antibiotic use in acute diarrhoeal disease in children under 5.
Breastfeeding, complementary feeding, supplementation, and screening for under- and over-nutrition in children aged 0–10 years.
Diagnosis and stepwise management of alcohol use disorder including detoxification, thiamine prophylaxis, and relapse-prevention pharmacothe
Stepped-care diagnosis and management of depression in adults — psychological therapies, pharmacotherapy, and treatment-resistant depression
Diagnosis and stepwise pharmacological + psychological management of depressive disorder in adults.
Stepped-care management of GAD and panic disorder in adults — psychological therapies, SSRIs/SNRIs, and management of refractory illness.
Comprehensive assessment, antipsychotic selection, and integrated psychosocial treatment of adults with schizophrenia per APA 2020 guideline
Diagnosis and pharmacological + psychosocial management of schizophrenia, including first-episode psychosis and treatment-resistant illness.
Diagnosis and pharmacological + psychosocial management of alcohol, opioid, and tobacco use disorders in adults including primary-care brief
Diagnosis and stepped management of asthma — Indian Chest Society perspective with ICS-formoterol MART/SMART approach for moderate-to-severe
Diagnosis, severity-driven stepped therapy, and exacerbation management of asthma per the GINA Strategy — single inhaler MART approach as de
Diagnosis and stepped management of COPD — Indian Chest Society / NCCP perspective with primary-care-focused workflow and inhaler choices.
Diagnosis, inhaler therapy, and exacerbation management of COPD per NICE guidance, with bronchodilator-anchored stepped therapy.
Diagnosis and management of COPD per the GOLD Report — A/B/E groups drive initial inhaler choice; ICS-containing therapy when eosinophilic o
ATS/IDSA 2019 guidance for adult CAP without immunocompromising conditions; select treatment by comorbidities, severity and validated resist
ICMR-aligned diagnosis and antimicrobial therapy of CAP in adults; severity-driven inpatient vs outpatient pathway with TB exclusion in ende
Management of MDR/pre-XDR/XDR TB with all-oral shorter regimens (BPaL/BPaLM); programmatic treatment under PMDT.
Diagnosis, acute attack management, and treat-to-target urate-lowering therapy for adults with gout.
Diagnosis, acute attack management, and treat-to-target urate-lowering therapy for adults with gout per Indian Rheumatology Association guid
EULAR-aligned treat-to-target conventional, biological, and targeted synthetic DMARD pathway for adults with rheumatoid arthritis.
Treat-to-target methotrexate-anchored DMARD pathway with biologic add-on for adults with rheumatoid arthritis per IRA guidance.
Treat-to-target conventional synthetic, biological, and targeted synthetic DMARD pathway for adults with rheumatoid arthritis.
Diagnosis and stepwise management of sicca symptoms and systemic manifestations of primary Sjögren's syndrome in adults.
Diagnosis and treat-to-target management of SLE in adults including hydroxychloroquine backbone, lupus nephritis, and severe-organ-disease p
Diagnosis with risk-scoring + imaging, antibiotic vs surgical management, and special situations (children, pregnancy, complicated) for acut
Diagnosis, antibiotic management, and timing of cholecystectomy for acute calculous cholecystitis in adults.
Diagnosis, severity stratification, fluid resuscitation, and complications management of acute pancreatitis in adults.
Diagnosis, source control, and antibiotic management of complicated intra-abdominal infection in adults including community- and hospital-ac
Triage, anticoagulation reversal, frailty-adjusted management, and rehabilitation of injured older adults.
Diagnosis and stepwise medical and surgical management of male lower urinary tract symptoms attributed to BPH.
Diagnosis and stepwise medical and surgical management of male non-neurogenic lower urinary tract symptoms attributed to BPH per EAU guidanc
Diagnosis and stewardship-focused antimicrobial management of uncomplicated and complicated UTI in adults.
Diagnosis, acute pain control, medical expulsive therapy, and intervention pathway for adults with kidney and ureteric stones.