berberine

Berberine has complex pharmacological actions including antimicrobial effects, stimulation of bile flow, inhibition of ventricular tachyarrhythmias, and possible antineoplastic activity. Its antidiarrheal effects may relate to antimicrobial activity, inhibition of smooth muscle contraction, delay of intestinal transit by antagonizing ACh effects, blocking Ca2+ entry into cells, and inhibition of intestinal secretion.