Drug reference

Acetylcysteine

Mucolytic · Sputum viscosity reducer, Ophthalmic lubricant, Antidote for acetaminophen poisoning

MucolyticSputum viscosity reducer, Ophthalmic lubricant, Antidote for acetaminophen poisoning

CDSCO approved

EXCRETION

—

not curated

INTERACTIONS

—

none in our sources

PREGNANCY

—

not curated

Mechanism

Acetylcysteine acts as a mucolytic by directly breaking disulfide bonds within mucoproteins in mucus. Its free sulfhydryl group reduces these bonds, leading to depolymerization of the mucin complexes. This molecular action decreases the viscosity and elasticity of respiratory secretions, facilitating their clearance from the airways.

Indications

Reduction of sputum viscosityTear deficiencyImpaired or abnormal mucus production (ocular)Acetaminophen poisoningMucolytic for viscid sputum

Dosing

Adult: Oral: 600 mg once daily for reduction of sputum viscosity; Ophthalmic: Apply 3–4 times a day for tear deficiency or impaired/abnormal mucus production

Contraindications

Active peptic ulceration
History of peptic ulceration (may disrupt the gastric mucosal barrier)

Side effects

Common

Eye discomfortEye redness

Serious

Haemorrhage
Face oedema

Drug interactions

Activated Charcoal

Moderate

Database

Activated charcoal can adsorb acetylcysteine, reducing its bioavailability and efficacy, especially when given orally for paracetamol overdose.

If activated charcoal is administered, it should be given at least 1-2 hours before or after oral acetylcysteine to minimize adsorption. In cases of severe paracetamol overdose, IV acetylcysteine is preferred if activated charcoal has been given.

Source: DDInter

6 additional unreviewed or low-confidence interactions hidden because their provenance or source detail is insufficient.