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Enflurane

General Anesthetic · Anaesthetic

General AnestheticAnaesthetic
CDSCO approvedSchedule H
EXCRETION
not curated
INTERACTIONS
8 major
SEVERE in our sources
PREGNANCY
not curated
Top interactionssee all 9
  • DroperidolSevereDatabaseDDInter
  • EpinephrineSevereDatabaseDDInter
  • IsocarboxazidSevereDatabaseDDInter
  • NorepinephrineSevereDatabaseDDInter

Mechanism

Enflurane has neuromuscular effects and may increase the potency and duration of neuromuscular blockade, particularly when used with neuromuscular blocking agents like vecuronium.

Indications

maintenance of anesthesia

Dosing

Adult
achieved. Absence of pungency makes it pleasant Injected i.v. (3–5 mg/kg) as a 2.5% solution,

Pharmacokinetics

Onset
relatively slow induction of anesthesia
Metabolism
Metabolized via CYP2E1

Contraindications

  • patients with seizure disorders
  • concerns over ability to decrease seizure threshold and potentially produce nephrotoxicity (limited clinical utility)

Side effects

Common
decrease in arterial blood pressure (vasodilation, myocardial contractility depression)effective bronchodilatorproduces a pattern of rapid shallow breathingrelaxes skeletal and uterine musclereduces renal blood flow, GFR, and urinary output
Serious
  • can increase ICP
  • can produce seizure activity

Drug interactions

Droperidol
Severe
Database

Clinical effect not specified

Source: DDInter

Epinephrine
Severe
Database

Clinical effect not specified

Source: DDInter

Isocarboxazid
Severe
Database

Clinical effect not specified

Source: DDInter

Norepinephrine
Severe
Database

Clinical effect not specified

Source: DDInter

Phenelzine
Severe
Database

Clinical effect not specified

Source: DDInter

Selegiline
Severe
Database

Clinical effect not specified

Source: DDInter

Sodium Oxybate
Severe
Database

Clinical effect not specified

Source: DDInter

Tranylcypromine
Severe
Database

Clinical effect not specified

Source: DDInter

Isoniazid
Moderate
Database

Elevation of serum fluoride.

Not specified, but implies monitoring of fluoride levels or consideration of alternative anesthetics.

Source: DDInter

3 additional low-confidence interactions hidden — those rows lack a documented mechanism or management plan in our sources.

Related guidelines

Other General Anesthetic drugs

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Sources: Goodman & Gilman 14e·Verified: 2026-05-10 · House clinical team