Aminophylline
Contraindicated
Textbook
Should not be mixed in the same infusion bottle/syringe.
Do not mix.
Source: KDT 7e · p227
Drug reference
insulin
Insulin · Antidiabetic agent
InsulinAntidiabetic agent
CDSCO approved
EXCRETION
—
not curated
INTERACTIONS
6 major
incl. contraindicated
PREGNANCY
—
not curated
Top interactionssee all 12 →
- AminophyllineContraindicatedTextbookKDT 7e · p227
- GlitazonesSevereTextbookKDT 7e · p277
- EmpagliflozinSevereDatabaseKimi deep-research + Cla
- GlipizideSevereDatabaseKimi deep-research + Cla
Mechanism
Insulin is a hormone that regulates glucose homeostasis. It lowers blood glucose by inhibiting hepatic glucose production and stimulating the uptake and metabolism of glucose by liver, muscle, and adipose cells. Insulin also has potent effects to reduce lipolysis, increase lipid storage, stimulate amino acid uptake and protein synthesis, and inhibit protein degradation.
Indications
Type 1 diabetesType 2 diabetesAcute correction of hyperglycemiaDiabetic ketoacidosis (intravenous infusion)Hyperglycemia in hospitalized setting (intravenous infusion)
Side effects
Common
Weight gainHypoglycemia
Serious
- Allergic reactions
- Lipoatrophy
- Lipohypertrophy
Drug interactions
Glitazones
Severe
Textbook
Greater fluid retention, weight gain, and precipitation of congestive heart failure.
Experts advise avoiding this combination.
Source: KDT 7e · p277
Empagliflozin
Severe
Database
Additive hypoglycaemia
Reduce insulin/sulfonylurea dose; monitor glucose
Source: Kimi deep-research + Cla
Glipizide
Severe
Database
Additive hypoglycaemia
Monitor glucose; adjust doses
Source: Kimi deep-research + Cla
Nateglinide
Severe
Database
Additive hypoglycaemia
Adjust doses; monitor glucose
Source: Kimi deep-research + Cla
Octreotide
Severe
Database
Altered glucose counter-regulation → hypo- or hyperglycaemia
Monitor glucose closely; adjust antidiabetic dose
Source: Kimi deep-research + Cla
Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitors
Moderate
Textbook
Increased risk of hypoglycemia when added to insulin.
Source: G&G 14e · p1039
Bendroflumethiazide
Moderate
Textbook
Reduced effectiveness of insulin, potentially leading to hyperglycemia.
Not explicitly stated, but implies monitoring blood glucose levels.
Source: G&G 14e · p567
Chlorthalidone
Moderate
Textbook
Reduced effectiveness of insulin, potentially leading to hyperglycemia.
Not explicitly stated, but implies monitoring blood glucose levels.
Source: G&G 14e · p567
Enalapril
Moderate
Textbook
Increased hypoglycemic risk.
Closely monitor blood glucose levels and adjust antidiabetic medication as needed.
Source: G&G 14e · p653
General Anaesthesia
Moderate
Textbook
Increased insulin requirement.
Switch a diabetic patient to plain insulin and adjust the dose during general anaesthesia, even if they are on oral hypoglycaemics.
Source: KDT 7e · p385
Hydrochlorothiazide
Moderate
Textbook
Reduced effectiveness of insulin, potentially leading to hyperglycemia.
Not explicitly stated, but implies monitoring blood glucose levels.
Source: G&G 14e · p567
Related guidelines
Other Insulin drugs
Ask House about insulin
Continue into a citation-backed clinical answer with the drug context already attached.
Sources: KD Tripathi 7e, Goodman & Gilman 14e·Verified: 2026-05-13 · House clinical team