Drug reference

Nicotinamide

Vitamin · Vitamin B3

VitaminVitamin B3ATC A11HA01

CDSCO approvedSchedule HATC A11HA01

EXCRETION

—

not curated

INTERACTIONS

5 major

SEVERE in our sources

PREGNANCY

—

not curated

Top interactionssee all 5 →

LeflunomideSevereDatabaseDDInter
LomitapideSevereDatabaseDDInter
MipomersenSevereDatabaseDDInter
PexidartinibSevereDatabaseDDInter

Mechanism

Nicotinamide (niacinamide) is the amide form of vitamin B3 (niacin) that serves as a precursor to the coenzymes NAD+ and NADP+, which are essential cofactors in over 400 enzymatic redox reactions including glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. Unlike nicotinic acid (niacin), nicotinamide does not cause vasodilatory flushing because it does not activate the GPR109A receptor. It has additional anti-inflammatory properties through inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) and is used topically for its skin barrier-enhancing effects.

Indications

Nutritional supplementation as a component of parenteral nutrition solutionsProphylaxis of pellagraTreatment of pellagra (preferred for injection due to fewer side effects)Hartnup’s disease (to supplement niacin due to impaired tryptophan transport)Carcinoid tumours (due to tryptophan utilization for 5-HT synthesis)patients with large numbers of actinic keratoses and SCCs to reduce the development and/or progression of disease

Dosing

Adult: VITLIPID N ADULT EMULSION FOR INJECTION 10ML AMPOULES Vitlipid N ® adult emulsion contains vitamin A 330 units, ergocalciferol 20 units, dl-alpha tocopherol 1 unit, phytomenadione 15 micrograms/mL. For adults and children over 11 years.…

Pharmacokinetics

Metabolism

Metabolized to N-methylnicotinamide, an endogenous organic cation.

Excretion

N-methylnicotinamide, a metabolite of Nicotinamide, is secreted in the proximal tubule via organic cation transporters (e.g., OCTN1, OCT2, MATE1, MATE2-K, OCT3, MDR1). Renal secretion appears to be important in eliminating excess concentrations of these substances.