Drug reference

sulfadoxine

Sulfonamide · Antimalarial

SulfonamideAntimalarial

CDSCO approved

EXCRETION

—

not curated

INTERACTIONS

9 major

SEVERE in our sources

PREGNANCY

FDA category + note

Top interactionssee all 9 →

Aminobenzoic AcidSevereDatabaseDDInter
CyclosporineSevereDatabaseDDInter
LomitapideSevereDatabaseDDInter
MethenamineSevereDatabaseDDInter

Mechanism

Not yet extracted

Indications

Prophylaxis and treatment of malaria (in combination with pyrimethamine, especially for mefloquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum)prevention in malaria-endemic areas (monthly during pregnancy starting in the second trimester)paired with amodiaquine for monthly administration to children for seasonal malaria chemopreventionmalaria (especially chloroquine resistant P. falciparum, in combination with pyrimethamine)pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (in AIDS patients, in combination with pyrimethamine)toxoplasmosis (in combination with pyrimethamine)intermittent preventive therapy in pregnancy (IPTp)uncomplicated CQ-resistant falciparum malaria (in combination with artesunate and pyrimethamine)Treatment of uncomplicated CQ-resistant falciparum malaria (in combination with pyrimethamine, single dose)

Dosing

Adult: Intermittent preventive therapy (IPTp) in pregnancy: 1500 mg + Pyrimethamine 75 mg in 2nd and 3rd trimesters (gap not < 1 month). Uncomplicated CQ-resistant falciparum: 1500 mg (25 mg/kg) single dose (with Artesunate 100 mg BD x 3 days + Pyrimethamine 75 mg).

Pharmacokinetics

Duration

long

Half-life

7 to 9 days

Protein binding

Sulfadoxine is highly bound to plasma proteins, leading to a longer duration of action as it is slowly released in the free active form.

Excretion

slow renal excretion

Contraindications

individuals with previous reactions to sulfonamides
lactating mothers
infants less than 2 months of age
Infants
Individuals allergic to sulfonamide
Pregnancy (should be avoided if possible, though single dose for malaria is not proven to harm foetus)

Side effects

Common

gi disturbancesallergic skin reactionscrystalluria

Serious

Stevens-Johnson syndrome
severe cutaneous reactions
fatal cutaneous reactions
erythema multiforme
toxic epidermal necrolysis
serum sickness–type reactions
urticaria
exfoliative dermatitis
hepatitis
serious cutaneous reactions
severe skin reactions (toxic epidermal necrolysis, erythema multiforme, stevens-johnson syndrome)
agranulocytosis
aplastic anemia
hypersensitivity of the respiratory tract
interstitial nephritis
hypoglycemia
aseptic meningitis