Halothane
Contraindicated
Textbook
Ventricular arrhythmias.
Adrenaline should not be given during anaesthesia with halothane.
Source: KDT 7e · p133
Drug reference
adrenaline
Vasoconstrictor (implied by use with local anesthetics. Removing.)
Vasoconstrictor (implied by use with local anesthetics. Removing.)
CDSCO approved
EXCRETION
—
not curated
INTERACTIONS
12 major
incl. contraindicated
PREGNANCY
—
not curated
Top interactionssee all 12 →
- HalothaneContraindicatedTextbookKDT 7e · p133
- AcebutololSevereTextbookKDT 7e · p133
- AmitriptylineSevereTextbookKDT 7e · p365
- AmoxapineSevereTextbookKDT 7e · p365
Mechanism
Not yet extracted
Indications
anaphylactic shockangioedema of larynxbronchospasm attending drug hypersensitivityLocal vasoconstrictor (with lidocaine)Cardiac arrest (to stimulate heart, with external cardiac massage)UrticariaAngioedemaLaryngeal edemaControl of local bleeding (from skin, mucous membranes)Insulin hypoglycaemiaOvercoming partial heart blockMaintaining a sufficient idioventricular rate in complete (3rd degree) heart block (until external pacemaker can be implanted)
Dosing
- Adult
- 0.5 mg (0.5 ml of 1 in 1000 solution) i.m.; repeat every 5–10 min in case patient does not improve or improvement is transient. If i.v., it should be diluted to 1:10,000 or 1:100,000 and infused slowly with constant monitoring.
- Pediatric
- 0.3 ml for child 6-12 years and 0.15 ml for child upto 6 years (i.m.)
- Max dose
- 1 mg/ml inj; 4 mg (of Adr. bitartrate=2mg Adr. base)/2 ml inj
Pharmacokinetics
Duration
0.5–2 hrs
Metabolism
Adrenaline is oxidized by monoamine oxidase and methylated by methyl transferases.
Contraindications
- Hypertensive patients
- Hyperthyroid patients
- Angina patients
- During anaesthesia with halothane
- Patients receiving β blockers
Side effects
Common
Transient restlessnessHeadachePalpitationAnxietyTremorPallor
Serious
- fatal if injected i.v. inappropriately
- Marked rise in BP leading to cerebral haemorrhage
- Ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation
- Angina
- Myocardial infarction
- Pulmonary edema (toxic doses)
Drug interactions
Acebutolol
Severe
Textbook
Marked rise in BP.
Adrenaline should not be given to patients receiving β blockers.
Source: KDT 7e · p133
Amitriptyline
Severe
Textbook
Potentiation of adrenaline's effects.
Vasoconstrictor (adrenaline) containing LA should be avoided in patients receiving tricyclic antidepressants.
Source: KDT 7e · p365
Amoxapine
Severe
Textbook
Potentiation of adrenaline's effects.
Vasoconstrictor (adrenaline) containing LA should be avoided in patients receiving tricyclic antidepressants.
Source: KDT 7e · p365
Atenolol
Severe
Textbook
Marked rise in BP.
Adrenaline should not be given to patients receiving β blockers.
Source: KDT 7e · p133
Betaxolol
Severe
Textbook
Marked rise in BP.
Adrenaline should not be given to patients receiving β blockers.
Source: KDT 7e · p133
Bisoprolol
Severe
Textbook
Marked rise in BP.
Adrenaline should not be given to patients receiving β blockers.
Source: KDT 7e · p133
Bucindolol
Severe
Textbook
Marked rise in BP.
Adrenaline should not be given to patients receiving β blockers.
Source: KDT 7e · p133
Carteolol
Severe
Textbook
Marked rise in BP.
Adrenaline should not be given to patients receiving β blockers.
Source: KDT 7e · p133
Carvedilol
Severe
Textbook
Marked rise in BP.
Adrenaline should not be given to patients receiving β blockers.
Source: KDT 7e · p133
Celiprolol
Severe
Textbook
Marked rise in BP.
Adrenaline should not be given to patients receiving β blockers.
Source: KDT 7e · p133
Clomipramine
Severe
Textbook
Potentiation of adrenaline's effects.
Vasoconstrictor (adrenaline) containing LA should be avoided in patients receiving tricyclic antidepressants.
Source: KDT 7e · p365
Related guidelines
Preoperative cardiac evaluation for non-cardiac surgery
AHA · Cardiology · 2025
Beta-blockers in hypertension
MOHFW · Cardiology · 2024
Heart failure in diabetes
RSSDI · Cardiology · 2023
GI bleeding on antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy
CSI · Cardiology · 2020
Abnormal uterine bleeding
FOGSI · Obstetrics & Gynaecology · 2016
Other Unclassified drugs
Ask House about adrenaline
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Sources: KD Tripathi 7e·Verified: 2026-05-10 · House clinical team