Alfentanil
Severe
Textbook
Increased number of deaths.
Avoid combination due to increased risk of respiratory depression and death.
Source: G&G 14e
Drug reference
clorazepate
Benzodiazepine · Anxiolytic
BenzodiazepineAnxiolytic
CDSCO approved
EXCRETION
—
not curated
INTERACTIONS
12 major
SEVERE in our sources
PREGNANCY
—
not curated
Top interactionssee all 12 →
- AlfentanilSevereTextbookG&G 14e
- BuprenorphineSevereTextbookG&G 14e
- CodeineSevereTextbookG&G 14e
- FentanylSevereTextbookG&G 14e
Mechanism
Benzodiazepines enhance the inhibitory effects of the neurotransmitter GABA by allosteric interactions with the pentameric benzodiazepine-GABAA receptor complex, specifically at GABAA receptors comprising alpha-2, alpha-3, and alpha-5 subunits.
Indications
generalized anxiety disorderpanic disordersituational anxietyAnxiety disordersSeizure disordersManagement of alcohol withdrawal
Dosing
- Adult
- 3.75–20 mg, 2–4 times daily
Pharmacokinetics
Half-life
2.0 ± 0.9
Bioavailability
N: 91 ± 6%
Protein binding
N: 97.5%
Excretion
N: <1%
Side effects
Common
sedationmild memory impairmentsdecreased alertnessslowed reaction timevisual-spatial deficitsdifficulty word findingparadoxical reactions (e.g., increased anxiety, panic attacks)irritabilityaggressionbehavioral disinhibitionamnesic reactions
Serious
- habituation
- dependence
- abuse potential
- increased risk for falls (in elderly)
- sedated/underresponsive newborns
- prolonged withdrawal reactions
Drug interactions
Buprenorphine
Severe
Textbook
Increased number of deaths.
Avoid combination due to increased risk of respiratory depression and death.
Source: G&G 14e
Codeine
Severe
Textbook
Increased number of deaths.
Avoid combination due to increased risk of respiratory depression and death.
Source: G&G 14e
Fentanyl
Severe
Textbook
Increased number of deaths.
Avoid combination due to increased risk of respiratory depression and death.
Source: G&G 14e
Hydrocodone
Severe
Textbook
Increased number of deaths.
Avoid combination due to increased risk of respiratory depression and death.
Source: G&G 14e
Methadone
Severe
Textbook
Increased number of deaths.
Avoid combination due to increased risk of respiratory depression and death.
Source: G&G 14e
Methylnaltrexone
Severe
Textbook
Increased number of deaths.
Avoid combination due to increased risk of respiratory depression and death.
Source: G&G 14e
Morphine
Severe
Textbook
Increased number of deaths.
Avoid combination due to increased risk of respiratory depression and death.
Source: G&G 14e
Nalmefene
Severe
Textbook
Increased number of deaths.
Avoid combination due to increased risk of respiratory depression and death.
Source: G&G 14e
Naloxone
Severe
Textbook
Increased number of deaths.
Avoid combination due to increased risk of respiratory depression and death.
Source: G&G 14e
Naltrexone
Severe
Textbook
Increased number of deaths.
Avoid combination due to increased risk of respiratory depression and death.
Source: G&G 14e
Other Cns Depressants
Severe
Textbook
Excessive impairment.
Source: KDT 7e · p406
Related guidelines
Generalised anxiety disorder and panic disorder
NICE · Psychiatry · 2020
Alcohol use disorder
MOHFW · Psychiatry · 2021
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
FOGSI · Obstetrics & Gynaecology · 2019
Substance use disorders
NIMHANS · Psychiatry · 2022
Functional (psychogenic non-epileptic) seizures
AAN · Neurology · 2026
Other Benzodiazepine drugs
Ask House about clorazepate
Continue into a citation-backed clinical answer with the drug context already attached.
Sources: Goodman & Gilman 14e·Verified: 2026-05-10 · House clinical team